Gambling is a risky activity that involves placing something of value, such as money or merchandise, on an event that has an element of chance. It can be done in many ways, including putting money on horse races, dice games, bingo, card games, lotteries, pull-tab or scratch-off games, slot machines and other types of gambling. Most people who gamble do not develop a problem, but some do. A subset of those who have a problem develops gambling disorder, which is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as persistent, recurrent gambling behavior that causes significant distress or impairment.
Some factors that contribute to the development of a gambling disorder include the desire to repeat an early large win, boredom susceptibility, impulsivity, poor understanding of random events, the use of escape coping and stressful life experiences. These factors are also common among those who are homeless or who have a co-occurring substance abuse or mental health disorder. Often, the person who is addicted to gambling does not realize there is a problem, or does not believe they can stop.
Research has shown that gambling disorder is related to changes in certain parts of the brain, which can affect how you think about risk and reward. Several types of treatment for gambling disorders are available, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), psychodynamic therapy and family counseling. Some people may need medication to help treat other conditions that are associated with gambling disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
Those who have a gambling disorder should take steps to limit their access to money, such as by getting rid of credit cards, having someone else be in charge of their finances, closing online betting accounts and keeping only a small amount of cash on hand. They should also make a commitment to avoid activities that can trigger their urges, such as socializing at casinos or other gambling venues. It is important to build a strong support system, and to find other ways to relieve unpleasant feelings, such as practicing relaxation techniques or spending time with friends who do not gamble.
If you suspect you have a gambling disorder, talk with your doctor. Your doctor can offer information and resources about treatment options, and can refer you to a counselor who specializes in gambling disorders. You can also join a peer support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous, which follows a model similar to Alcoholics Anonymous. Some of these groups have a mentor who is a former compulsive gambler and can provide guidance and support. There are also phone and web-based support groups for people with gambling disorders. Having a support network and reducing financial risk factors can also help. These strategies can reduce the likelihood of developing a gambling disorder. Ultimately, though, the best way to prevent gambling problems is to never start gambling in the first place. Gambling is a dangerous and addictive activity that can have serious consequences for you and your loved ones.